The Government of the Russian Federation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Government of the Russian Federation - Essay Example The transformation in foreign policy thinking profoundly impacted policy making and was based on the realization that the real security threat to Russia came from the deteriorating economy due to excessive military spending. Rather than applying the overt exhibition of military power, Gorbachev chose to apply political influence. He improved diplomatic relations and economic cooperation by such actions as unannounced personal appearances at public events both within and outside Soviet borders. Gorbachev charismatically utilized the world media and made political concessions in the resolution of regional conflicts and arms negotiations that were previously unimaginable under the old regime. The ‘New Thinking’ aided the Soviet Union in garnering wide approval of many nations. Its peace-making policy that released Soviet control over Eastern Europe ultimately led to the collapse of communism and the end of the Cold War. Its success would entail radical changes not only in t he way the economy functions, but in social and cultural policy, in Soviet political life, and ultimately, in the way in which the Soviet Union deals with the larger international community. By-products of the ‘New Thinking,’ perestroika (restructuring) and glasnost (openness) initiated far-reaching governmental policy changes that affected virtually every aspect of Soviet life. These new concepts were a distant departure from previous Soviet practices. This discussion will focus on the building of the Russia Federation, the competing ideologies within the government along with Russia’s new approach to foreign policy and how it was designed to tie in with internal reforms. It will briefly review recent political history leading up to this new way of thinking including how such a radical departure from past procedures and policies was accomplished and the subsequent consequences this reversal of political thought inspired as well as its far-reaching

Spanish Armada Essay Example for Free

Spanish Armada Essay The Spanish Armada showcased the Spaniards boldness and determination to expand their territory and their religion of Catholicism. However, there are several underlying reasons on why Spain waged a war against England. The decision of King Philip II to launch a fleet of naval ships towards the North have been influenced by many consecutive incidents that demonstrated the looming conflict between Spain and England. During the 16th century, Spain and England used to be allies in advancing a common cause which was to expand their respective colonies. But it was their similar objectives that instigated the manifestation of a strained relationship between the two countries. More so, the relationship between England and Spain became more tensed when Philip II married Mary I, a sibling of Queen Elizabeth I, making him a â€Å"titular King of England. † This union highlighted the difference in religious beliefs of a Catholic and a Protestant that raised eyebrows in the English Monarchy who doubted the real intentions of Spain with England. In retaliation, England gave support to the Dutch uprising against Spain. Several black propaganda were launched that criticized King Philip II and the Catholics in general as wicked human beings. Then, the situation worsened when â€Å"Catholic Queen Mary of Scots†, the only remaining link of Spain with England in 1587, was executed for allegedly plotting against Queen Elizabeth I. Because of these events, the plan of King Philip II to conquer Europe was blocked in which motivated him to start a confrontation with England through an Armada (Mitchell, 2005). Unfortunately, Spain was defeated in this battle because of the unfavorable weather conditions and the fact that the English were more advanced with their warfare resources and strategy. As a result, Englands victory entitled the English with the position of being the strongest and most influential in Europe. Meanwhile, for Spain, their loss became a learning experience that motivated them to enhance more their naval capabilities as well as their military tactics. References Mitchell, C. V. (2005 August). The weathering of the armada. Inventory of Conflict Environment. Retrieved May 20, 2008 from http://www. american. edu/ted/ice/armada. htm

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Volleyball Research Paper For some people, they literally live, breathe, and are volleyball; others do hate the sport and prefer soccer or football (as many do already). But volleyball has been around for more than 100 years! And it is one of the world’s most popular sports; a worldwide estimate of around 800 million people play volleyball at least once a week. But today’s volleyball doesn’t compare with the volleyball that was first invented in 1895. Society has modified to an extent this trending sport the past few decades that some actually think that William G. Morgan, the inventor of volleyball, wouldn’t be able to recognize his own sport. William G. Morgan was an instructor at the YMCA in Holyoke, Massachusetts. Morgan came up with the new idea by mixing parts of other sports like tennis, baseball, basketball, and handball together. The net idea was actually derived from tennis (which is probably why it looks so familiar), however Morgan decided to raise it a little over six feet above the middle of the court; now, the net can be up raised 8 feet above the court due to changes in the game and its rules. Another aspect that wasn’t original is the word â€Å"volleyball†. The game was in fact called â€Å"mintonette† when Morgan first created it but after observing a demonstration game, some scholars approached Morgan with a new name, â€Å"volleyball†, which they found more appropriate to call the name due to the way the athletes volleyed the ball back and forth over the net: hence, the name was changed and has been the same for more than a century. In 1895, Morgan created only one volleyball but like everything else, it has revolutionized into subsets and variations of volleyball such as: Indoor/Outdoor, Newcomb, Beach, Footvolley, Shoo... ... apply to spikes and serves. For body composition, having lower levels of body fat will be an advantage because it could provide more power, better coordination, and possibly better balance. If there were to be an â€Å"excessive† amount of body fat, it is possible that the player’s ability to move around the court freely could decrease and would increase chances of fatigue during the exercise. In conclusion, volleyball is a competitive but amusing sport in which really anyone could participate and could excel in when following the rules and guidelines. Health-wise, it would make a great addition to a daily workout; an average human could burn up to 600 calories during one hour of competitive volleyball! And not only does it burn calories, but it adds a great variety of skill to your coordination and improves cardiovascular and muscular endurance and body composition. Essays -- Volleyball Research Paper For some people, they literally live, breathe, and are volleyball; others do hate the sport and prefer soccer or football (as many do already). But volleyball has been around for more than 100 years! And it is one of the world’s most popular sports; a worldwide estimate of around 800 million people play volleyball at least once a week. But today’s volleyball doesn’t compare with the volleyball that was first invented in 1895. Society has modified to an extent this trending sport the past few decades that some actually think that William G. Morgan, the inventor of volleyball, wouldn’t be able to recognize his own sport. William G. Morgan was an instructor at the YMCA in Holyoke, Massachusetts. Morgan came up with the new idea by mixing parts of other sports like tennis, baseball, basketball, and handball together. The net idea was actually derived from tennis (which is probably why it looks so familiar), however Morgan decided to raise it a little over six feet above the middle of the court; now, the net can be up raised 8 feet above the court due to changes in the game and its rules. Another aspect that wasn’t original is the word â€Å"volleyball†. The game was in fact called â€Å"mintonette† when Morgan first created it but after observing a demonstration game, some scholars approached Morgan with a new name, â€Å"volleyball†, which they found more appropriate to call the name due to the way the athletes volleyed the ball back and forth over the net: hence, the name was changed and has been the same for more than a century. In 1895, Morgan created only one volleyball but like everything else, it has revolutionized into subsets and variations of volleyball such as: Indoor/Outdoor, Newcomb, Beach, Footvolley, Shoo... ... apply to spikes and serves. For body composition, having lower levels of body fat will be an advantage because it could provide more power, better coordination, and possibly better balance. If there were to be an â€Å"excessive† amount of body fat, it is possible that the player’s ability to move around the court freely could decrease and would increase chances of fatigue during the exercise. In conclusion, volleyball is a competitive but amusing sport in which really anyone could participate and could excel in when following the rules and guidelines. Health-wise, it would make a great addition to a daily workout; an average human could burn up to 600 calories during one hour of competitive volleyball! And not only does it burn calories, but it adds a great variety of skill to your coordination and improves cardiovascular and muscular endurance and body composition.

Famous Women of Uttarakhand Essay

Bachendri Pal the archetypical Amerind women to climb Ascension Everest, Bachendri Pal belonged to a stock of rattling temperate effectuation. She was calved in twelvemonth 1954 in a Nakuri village in Garhwal. Bachendri was an nimble nipper and did fit in her civilize, she excelled in sports too. Her freshman danger to climb was at the age of 12, when during a vacation she along with several schoolmates climbed a top of alt 4,000mts. She complete her exercise, decent the low woman of her settlement to do so. She also secured the best office in a rifle propulsion circumstance during quantification. Her lineage was application business troubles and she desirable a job desperately. She shared with her parents her want to get a pro mountaineer. The association was â€Å"devastated,† as for them, her relatives and localised group, the most suited job for a negroid was teaching, not mount.She connected the Solon Make of Climb (NIM). She was declared the superior intellectual and was thoughtful as â€Å"Everest material†. In 1982, spell at NIM, she climbed Gangotri I (21,900 ft) and Rudugaria (19,091 ft). Around that quantify, she got engagement as an educator at the National Adventure Substructure. Bachendri was chosen as one of the members of the selected grouping of six Asian women and team men who were privileged to activity an raise to the Move Everest in 1984. After an accident spell rise the Mt. Everest, members of the squad go disabled. Despite an loss Everest. She remained on the summit for nigh 43 proceedings and became the foremost Soldier nipponese to measure the Organise Everest, and the fifth female in the man. In 1985, she led an Indo-Nepalese Everest Campaign group comprising of only women. The expedition created heptad grouping records and set benchmarks for Asian mountaineering. In 1994, she led an all women aggroup of rafters. The aggroup coursed finished the actress of the river River, cover 2,500 km from Haridwar to City. Bachendri Pal says† adventure sports same trekking and mountaineering toughens a organism, both mentally and physically†. Summing up her mount campaign, Bachendri Pal, the freshman Amerindian friend and ordinal in the domain to uprise Layer Everest, says: â€Å"Mountains pirate you to raft with vituperative situations. They move punish and activity qualities, humanity, courageousness, ego accept and certainty, too transfer one in contact with group from assorted areas and disparate cultures.† Bachendri Pal belonged to a family of very moderate means. She was born on 24 May 1954 in a village named Nakuri in Uttarakashi District of Garhwal. In 1982, Hari.K.Govind hill at NIM, she climbed Gangotri(21,900 ft) and Rudugaria (19,091 ft). In that time, she got employment as an instructor at the National Adventure Foundation(NAF), which had set up an adventure school for training women to learn mountaineering. Icchagiri Mai alias Tinchari Mai Ichhagiri Mai alias Tinchari Mai (1912-92) â€Å"Comissioner, send me to prison; I have burnt the liquor shop down. And I won’t stop with this one†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The woman avenger – against liquor in Pauri Garhwal in 70-80s. Government earns considerable revenue by licensing country liquor shops in the hills. For men it is a cheap way of escapism. Finally it is women who have to pay the price in terms of violence, abuse and no money to run the household. Tinchari Mai was an illetrate sanyasini (nun). Gaura Devi (1925-91) Forest is like our mother’s home. We will defend it – come what may.† After Gandhi’s Satyagrah, this housewife, born in Lata village in Chamoli, gave he next weapon, in the fight against state oppression – Chipko movement. Women’s natural environment, which provides, fuel, fodder & water is under tremendous stress. Chipko literally means to hug a tree and die with it, if need be ! A long series of forest movements over last two centuries in Himalayas have been an assertion of usufructuous rights of the community to the forest. The State has tried to curtail it ever since the Raj days. The battle is on.. Devika Devika Chauhan was the first girl to graduate from Jaunsar hills in 1954. She, again was the first woman to become a Block Development Officer in the entire state of Uttar Pradesh. She later rose to the level of Asst. Director – tribal welfare. Played an important part in the survey of tribal communities in the UP hills and securing privileges from Government for them. Retired but comitted to women’s cause, She is still working with voluntary agencies in Jaunsar Bawar. Currently lives in Dehradun with a number of children. Her Biography Seven Sisters Bhagirathi Seven Sisters adventure club represents a new breed of Garhwali women. Bachhendri Pal of this club, climbed Everest in 1984. Nine years later, she led an all women team to the same peak successfully. Women in the hills have always climbed steep cliffs and trees in search of fodder; Only now, they are proving, that they are no less than men, where technical skills and physical stamina are of vital importance. Radha Behn (Radha Bhatt) Filed in : Social Activist Born on 16 October 1934 in village Dhuraka, Almora, Radha Behn has made exemplary contribution in the fields of women’s education and employment. She quit formal education after her intermediate in 1951, and joined Sarla Behn at her Laxmi Ashram in Kausani, to undertake social work. From 1957 to 1961 she was active in Bhoodan Yatra and toured various regions of Uttarakhand. She took active part in movements against mining, alcoholism and deforestation. For her contributions to social empowerment she was honored with Jamnalal Bajaj Award in 1992. She has authored several books and articles. Gaura Pant ‘Shivani’ Filed in : Art, Literature, Writer Gaura Pant (Shivani) holds a prominent place amongst the women writers of Uttarakhand. She was born on 17th October, 1923 in Rajkot, Gujarat to a Kumouni family. After her early education in Almora she was sent to Allahabad for higher education, and then she went to Shantiniketan where she had the fortune of academic enrichment under the tutelage of Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore. Right from her childhood she had a flair for writing. Embedded in the folk culture of Kumaon she conveyed the yearning if common man and woman in and their inter-relationship in her writings. In 1935, Shivani’s first story was published in the Hindi Children’s magazine ‘Natkhat’, at age twelve. She wrote 30 novels, 13 short story collections and 8 volumes of memoir. Among her well known works are Vish Kanya, Kainza, Chaudah Phere and Bhairavi. In recognition of her contribution to Hindi literature she was given several awards and honours including Bhartendu Harishchandra Samman (1979); Padmashri (1981); Mahadevi Verma Samman (1994); Subramannyam Samman (1995) and Hindi Sewa Nidhi Rashtriya Puruskar (1997). She died in March 2003 in Lucknow. Sheila Irene Pant Filed in : Academician, Intellect Sheila Irene Pant (Begum Ra’ana Liaquat Ali Khan) was born in year 1905 in Almora, Uttarakhand (then United Provinces of Agra and Oudh). She obtained a first class Masters degree with honors in economics from the University of Lucknow in 1929. Begum Ra’ana began her career as a teacher in the Gokhale Memorial School and was later appointed as Professor of Economics in the Indraprstha Girl College, Delhi. In April 1933, she was married to Nawabzada Liaquat Ali Khan, the first Prime Minister of Pakistan. She then played a prominent role in the social and political life of Pakistan. After the reorganization of Muslim League, Begum Ra’ana devoted herself to the task of creating political consciousness amongst the Muslim women. Her struggle for emancipation continued till the creation of Pakistan for Muslims of India in 1947. Liaquat Ali Khan was assassinated in 1951. Begum R’ana continued her services for the social and economic uplift of women of Pakistan till her death in 1990. Begum Ra’ana served as Pakistan’s ambassador to the Netherlands in the 1950s and as ambassador to Italy in the 1960s. She was the first woman Governor of Sindh province in the mid-1970s and the first Muslim woman delegate to the UN who also won the United Nations Human Rights Award. Himani Shivpuri Filed in : Art, Cinema, Theatre The renowned theatre artist and film star Himani Shivpuri was born on 24th October 1957. She grew up in Dehradun where her father Hari Dutt Bhatt ‘Shailesh’ was a Hindi teacher and house master in the Doon School. Her ancestral village is Bhatwani in Chamoli district. After her schooling she did her M.Sc. in Organic Chemistry and an acting course in 1984 at NSD. She was always passionate about acting. She got married to actor Gyan Shivpuri, who died in 1995. She acted in plays like Mitro Marzani, Azar ka Khwab, Surya Ki Antim Kiran se Pehli Kiran Tak, Othello, The Cherry Orchard, Silence The Court Is In Session, Yayati, and Antigone. After performing several plays on the state she moved to television serials and then to the films and achieved phenomenal success. Shivpuri made her film debut in 1984 with Ab Ayega Mazaa. She worked in popular films like Hum Aapke Hai Kaun, Hero No.1, Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge, Kuch Kuch Hota Hai, Pardes, Kabi Khushi Kabhi Gham, Koyala and Umrao Jaan. She also worked in TV Serials namely, Hamrahi, Hasratein, Ek Kahani, Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi, and Kasauti Zindagi Ki. Shivpuri has received several national and international awards including the Shrikant Verma award for her excellent theatre work. She has been honored by several literary, cultural and social organizations. She has visited her native village several times and has particular attachment for Uttarakhand. She feels much concerned about preserving and projecting Garhwali culture and arts. Rani Karnawati ‘Nak-Kati-Rani’ Filed in : Heroic, Historic Rani Karnavati was the wife of Mahipat Shah, the king of Garhwal, who ascended to the throne in 1622 and died young in 1631. After his death the queen, Rani Karnavati, ruled the kingdom on behalf of her young son, Prithvipat Shah. She distinguished herself as a great warrior queen, and fought against the Mughals in 1640. She defeated their troops and had the habit of cutting the noses of the invaders for which she earned the nickname ‘Nak-Kati-Rani’. Monuments erected by her still exist in Dehradun at Nawad. She is also credited with the construction of the Rajpur Canal, the earliest of all the Doon canals, which started from the Rispana River and brought its waters to the city of Dehradun.

Tuition

If students were robots they might at least not need ‘rest'. They would continue to work on a novel for days together, learn lessons of mathematics without Intervening subconscious processing of thoughts. The efficiency and effectiveness would have been uninterrupted. But students need rest, enjoyment, and change of routine. Therefore we cannot easily ignore importance of holiday, which has all the three ingredients. It alleviates anxiety of workload , takes away from hectic environment of office. Holiday is a ‘proper feed' of mind, gives it proper resting place', and timeout'.Plot for a great story Is discovered to us during our ‘Idle hours'. It underpins importance of rest and enjoyment for efficient working. A sage has wisely said, † the time that we enjoy wasting, is not wasted. † This is keeping in view the importance of enjoyment and leisurely hours in our life. A holiday is a time for celebration. It can be celebrated in a variety of ways. Student s go out for a short trip to various historical places to meet different people, enjoy their cuisine, listen to their folk songs, and legendary tales. Or they may vlslt new institutes, engage in seminars, and discussions and enrich their experiences.Besides that people enjoy playing games, joining health clubs, reading stories, learning new languages and skills going out for dinner with friends and families, watching movies and documentaries. some people get plenty of sleep thinking of rest instead of any work at all. To sum up. I can say that doing a part-time Job does students good. They can get more experience for future job, practice the lesson got from classes and grow up. For the reasons I have mentioned, I am going to seek a job for my self and do it with all my best to grow out of my own ebullient thought and action. Tuition If students were robots they might at least not need ‘rest'. They would continue to work on a novel for days together, learn lessons of mathematics without Intervening subconscious processing of thoughts. The efficiency and effectiveness would have been uninterrupted. But students need rest, enjoyment, and change of routine. Therefore we cannot easily ignore importance of holiday, which has all the three ingredients. It alleviates anxiety of workload , takes away from hectic environment of office. Holiday is a ‘proper feed' of mind, gives it proper resting place', and timeout'.Plot for a great story Is discovered to us during our ‘Idle hours'. It underpins importance of rest and enjoyment for efficient working. A sage has wisely said, † the time that we enjoy wasting, is not wasted. † This is keeping in view the importance of enjoyment and leisurely hours in our life. A holiday is a time for celebration. It can be celebrated in a variety of ways. Student s go out for a short trip to various historical places to meet different people, enjoy their cuisine, listen to their folk songs, and legendary tales. Or they may vlslt new institutes, engage in seminars, and discussions and enrich their experiences.Besides that people enjoy playing games, joining health clubs, reading stories, learning new languages and skills going out for dinner with friends and families, watching movies and documentaries. some people get plenty of sleep thinking of rest instead of any work at all. To sum up. I can say that doing a part-time Job does students good. They can get more experience for future job, practice the lesson got from classes and grow up. For the reasons I have mentioned, I am going to seek a job for my self and do it with all my best to grow out of my own ebullient thought and action.